"What distinguishes actions which are intentional from those which are not? The answer that I shall suggest is that they are the actions to which a certain sense of the question ‘Why?’ is given application; the sense is of course that in which the answer, if positive, gives a reason for acting. (§5)"
"the term ‘intentional’ has reference to a form of description of events. What is essential to this form is displayed by the results of our enquiries into the question ‘Why?’ …I have defined intentional action in terms of language—the special question ‘Why?’. (§47)"
"But this is not a sufficient statement, because the question “What is the relevant sense of the question ‘Why?’” and “What is meant by a ‘reason for acting’?” are one and the same."
"This question 'Why?' can now be defined as the question expecting an answer in this range. And with this we have roughly outlined the area of intentional actions. (§18)"
"If one simply attends to the fact that many actions can be either intentional or unintentional, it can be quite natural to think that events which are characterisable as intentional or unintentional are a certain natural class, ‘intentional’ being an extra property which a philosopher must try to de"
§1 agency≠voluntariness≠intentionality, activity/passivity≠voluntariness/in-. §2 agent-causation and event-causation are probably interdependent. better to see the integration of metabolic, motor, and cognitive systems in general as the mark of non-aggregative human agency. §6-8 individual factual knowledge is the ability to be guided by the facts.