书籍介绍
《新物理学的诞生》是一部经典的科学史著作。它从地球运动的假设所引起的物理学问题出发，讲述了哥白尼、伽利略、开普勒、牛顿等人在创立新物理学过程中面临的问题和作出的贡献，揭示了物理科学的整体性，从一个侧面讨论了16、17世纪的科学革命。《新物理学的诞生》是作者为非科学领域的大学生所写的著作，旨在改进物理教学。曾被译为十几种文字，內容通俗易懂，适合大中学生以及所有对科学史有兴趣的读者阅读。
点击链接进入英文版：
The Birth of a New Physics
AI导读
核心看点
- 梳理哥白尼至牛顿的科学革命历程
- 揭示物理学概念从假设到公理化的演变
- 展现天文学革命如何引发普遍物理学变革
适合谁读
- 对科学史和科学哲学感兴趣的大众
- 需要改进物理教学理念的教育工作者
- 希望了解近代科学起源的大中学生
读前提醒
- 本书侧重思想史，非专业物理教材
- 部分数学推导可跳过，重在理解逻辑
- 建议结合《哥白尼革命》对比阅读
读者共识
- 线索清晰，将复杂科学史讲得通俗易懂
- 对伽利略等科学家突破与局限点评精到
- 结构严谨，是科学史入门的优质读物
本导读基于书籍简介、目录、原文摘录、短评和书评生成，不等同于全文精读。
精彩摘录
- "根据Edward Rosen的看法：“哥白尼的重力理论为每一个天体假设了一种独立的gravitational cohesion过程，不仅是地球，而且还有太阳、月亮和行星，它们通过这种倾向的作用而始终保持球形。地球附近的物体也许受制于这种倾向，或者附近的空气和其中的物体由于靠近地球而参与地球的旋转。哥白尼给出的这些建议可以说是后来所谓万有引力概念和惯性概念的雏形。"
- "哈雷为牛顿的《自然哲学的数学原理》（Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica）写了一首颂词作为前言： 你们，啊！饮天神美酒的人， 和我一起歌颂牛顿的名字吧， 他打开了隐秘真理的宝匣， 牛顿，缪斯垂青的人， 太阳神居住在他的心中， 使他洋溢着神性， 比任何一个凡人更接近神"
- "The place of Copernicus in the history of science may well illustrate the process. Although his system was neither so simple nor so reolutionary as it often is represented, his book raised all the qustions that had been lurking behind every cosmological scheme since antiquity. 【53】"
- "so the logic of the development of science enables us to predit what some of the consequences of Copernicus's ideas would have to be, what changes in thought would necessarily follow on the acceptance of the new world view. But only a knowledge of history itself reveals that the gradual acceptance o"
- "It was in 1609 that scientists first began to use the telescope to make systematic studies of the heavens Once the heliocentric system was seen to have a possible basis in "reality," it would spur the search for a physics that would apply with equal validity on a moving earth and throughout the univ"
- "Tycho correctly concluded that change may occur in the region of the fixed stars no matter what Ariatotle or any of his followers had said. Tycho's observations contributed to the cumulative evidance against Aristotle, but the crushing blow had to await the night when Galileo frist turned his telesc"
- "But there seems to be general agreement that the credit of first using the telescope for astronomical purposes may be given to Galileo and that this attribution is justified by "the persistent way in which he examined object after object, whenever there seems any reasonable prespect of results of fo"
- "The newly observed phenomena, the title page of the book declared, were to be found "in the surface of the moon, in innumerable fixed stars, in nebulae, and abover all in four planets swiftly revovling about Jupiter at differing distances and periods, and know to no one before the Author recenlty pe"
作者简介
科恩是美国著名科学史家，研究领域非常广泛，特别是对17－18世纪物理学发展，以及美国科学的兴起有着深入的研究。他曾出版 有《新物理学的诞生》、《牛顿的自然哲学》、《本杰明•富兰克林的科学》、《相互作用：在自然科学与社会科学之间的某些接触》、《科学中的革命》等多种重要著作。曾历时15年翻译而成的牛顿的《自然哲学的数 学原理》一书的英译本。他曾担任美国科学史和科学哲学协会主席、国际科学史和科学哲学联合会的第一任副会长（1961－1968）和会长（1968－1971），以及美国历史学会主席等职务。他也曾因其出色的成就而获得了多种的荣誉，特别是在 1974年获得了萨顿奖，于1986年获得了普利策图书奖。
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