![艰难时世 - [英] 狄更斯](https://static.book345.com/covers/s/9787532745296.jpg)
书籍介绍
主人公葛擂硬是个退休的五金商人，也是个功利主义的信徒，无论教育自己的子女或举办社会教育，都叫人信奉“事实”，并把人生看作是一种“隔着柜台的现钱交易”。在他的这种教育之下，女儿路易莎被迫嫁给了一个比她大三十岁的资本家庞得贝，婚后精神上备受折磨；儿子汤姆赌博成性，竟沦为窃贼而逃往海外。身为工厂老板兼银行家的庞得贝，捏造身世，吹嘘自己是白手起家，以此来麻痹工人，最后弄到众叛亲离。作者通过对葛擂硬和庞得贝两个典型人物得刻画及其家庭遭遇的描写，反映了十九世纪五十年代英国的阶级关系和社会风貌，对资产阶级做了较为深刻的揭露和批判。
AI导读
核心看点
- 批判功利主义教育，揭露事实至上对人性的压抑。
- 刻画焦煤镇阶级矛盾，反思工业文明下的社会异化。
- 讽刺资产阶级虚伪，展现理性与情感冲突的悲剧。
适合谁读
- 对英国文学及狄更斯作品感兴趣的读者。
- 关注教育本质、人性压抑与社会批判的思考者。
- 能忍受前期沉闷铺垫，追求深度阅读的耐心读者。
读前提醒
- 前期节奏较慢，需耐心克服枯燥感，后半部更精彩。
- 注意人物名字翻译差异，建议结合原著背景理解。
- 关注马戏班等象征意象，体会作者对情感与幻想的呼唤。
读者共识
- 部分读者认为前半部冗长乏味，结尾略显仓促。
- 普遍认可其反讽艺术，对功利主义批判深刻有力。
- 人物塑造两极分化，有人嫌刻板，有人赞精妙。
本导读基于书籍简介、目录、原文摘录、短评和书评生成，不等同于全文精读。
精彩摘录
- "“告诉你吧，我要求的是：事实。除了事实，其他什么都不要教给这些男孩子和女孩子。只有事实才是生活最需要的。除此之外，什么都不要培植，一切都该连根拔掉。要训练有理性的动物的头脑，就得用事实：任何别的东西对他们都全无用处。这就是我教养我自己的孩子们所依据的原则，这也就是我用来教养这些孩子的原则。要抓紧事实不放，老师！”"
- "所谓“不胡思乱想”，他的意思就是说没有幻想；事实上，她脑子里当真没有这类东西掺杂在内，虽然作为一个人，她还没有达到绝顶白痴的地步。"
- "Into that hidden passage my guide and I entered, to find again the world of light, we climbed up, he first and I behind him, far enough to see, through a round opening, a few of those fair things the heavens bear."
- "If, reader, I had more ample space to write, I should sing at least in part the sweetness of the drink that never would have sated me, but, since all the sheets readied for this second canticle are full, the curb of art lets me proceed no farther. From those most holy waters I came away remade, as a"
- "Here my exalted vision lost its power. But now my will and my desire, like wheels revolving with an even motion, were turning with the Love that moves the sun and all the other stars."
- "the political economists in education, like their fellow utilitarians in other fields, were engaged in what was, in effect, a campaign of containment. The end of their labours was to give the working-class child an education which stressed as its dominant principle not the potentialities of life but"
- "...with a rule and a pair of scales, and the multiplication table always in his pocket, sir, ready to weigh and measure any parcel of human nature, and tell you exactly what it comes to. it is a mere question of figures, a case of simple arithmetic."
- "how could you give me life, and take from me all the inappreciable things that raise it from the state of conscious death? where are the graces of my soul? where are the sentiments of my heart? what have you done o father what have you done. with the garden that should have bloomed once, in this gre"
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