"“议会”这个词源自法文“parler”,意思是“演说”或“谈论”,在13世纪首次在英国被用来指称扩大举行的御前会议,由贵族、主教以及大臣向国王提供立法、行政与司法上的建议。至于现代议会制度形态,则源出1265年由西蒙・德·蒙特福特( Simon de Montfort)代表享利三世召开、首度纳入各地市镇代表的国是会议。国王现在依然是议会名义上的召集人。"
"We said earlier that a European regulation could become part of the law of the United Kingdom without the involvement of the British Parliament. Let us take a hypothetical example and then see whether British parlia mentarians might have been able to affect what happened. A virus that causes severe "
"The Commons committee had a remarkable success in getting included in the Amsterdam Treaty a protocol on the role of national parliaments that requires a six-week period of notice before the Council decides on a piece of legislation (now eight weeks); but late changes to proposals often mean that th"
"To return to our shellfish example, things might have proceeded in this manner. The European Scrutiny Committee recommends a debate, which takes place in European Committee A. The minister is subject to some very hostile questioning from opposition MPs with fishing constituencies, and even some crit"
"The institutions of the EU are not directly accountable to any national parliament, so parliaments can exercise influence mainly through their own governments and ministers. No matter how strongly the shellfish proposal was criticised, the most the House of Commons could have done would have been to"
"The Treaty of Lisbon ostensibly gave national parliaments a greater role in Europe. It gave them, in particular, a specific role in monitoring whether EU proposals comply with the principle of subsidiarity (that is, whether action at EU rather than national level is necessary). Any national parliame"
"The European Parliament sees itself as the democratic institution repre senting citizens across the European Union. It is reasonable to ask, in that case, what is there for national parliaments to do? The answer is that the European Parliament is, in practice, remote from the citizens it seeks to re"