"又显而易见的事情。人的进攻性向内投射( introjected),经过了内化( internalized);事实上,进攻性被发送回了它的起源地一它指向了个体自己的自我。在那里,进攻性被一部分自我接管,面这部分自我则以超我( superego)自居,从而凌驾并对立于自我的其他部分。现在、这部分自我又以良心的形式,准备采取同样严房的进攻性来反对自我,而自我本来打算在其他的、外部的个体身上满足这种进攻性。在严厉的超我和附属于超我的自我之间形成的张力,我们称其为负罪感( sense of guilt);它将自己表现为一种对惩罚的需要。因此,文明通过以下方式来控制个体那危险的进攻欲望:弱化或消除这种欲望"
"That everything is somehow preserved and that in suitable circumstances it can once more be brought to light. The same space cannot have two different contents The assumption that everything past is preserved holds good even in mental life only on condition that the organ of the mind has remained in"
"A priori unsuited for a comparison of this sort with a mental life The earlier phases of development are in no sense still preserved; they have been absorbed into the later phases for which they have supplied the material"