书籍介绍
米尔顿·弗里德曼(1912—2006),美国经济学家,芝加哥学派领军人物,1976年获得诺贝尔经济学奖。本书阐述的是西方新自由主义的经济观点。弗里德曼认为,把人们组织起来从事生产活动的最好方式,是让人们在没有强制的情况下自愿合作,并在自愿合作的基础上缔结对彼此都有利的契约。据此,弗里德曼反对美国政府对经济生活的过度干预,他认为这样的干预缺乏效率,也并不会取得预期的效果。他主张美国政府对经济生活的干预应该被限制在最低的水平,而且应该主要通过市场和价格制度来加以执行。本书是弗里德曼的代表性著作之一。
AI导读
核心看点
- 阐述经济自由与政治自由的紧密关系
- 主张政府干预应降至最低,依靠市场
- 探讨教育、货币及社会福利中的自由
适合谁读
- 对自由市场经济理论感兴趣的读者
- 希望了解芝加哥学派经济思想的学者
- 关注政府角色与个人自由关系的读者
读前提醒
- 务必选择翻译精良的版本,避坑烂译
- 建议搭配哈耶克著作对比阅读更佳
- 部分观点具有时代局限,需批判思考
读者共识
- 原著思想深刻,是自由主义经典之作
- 商务印书馆旧版翻译质量极差,慎买
- 逻辑严密,对理解现代经济体系有益
本导读基于书籍简介、目录、原文摘录、短评和书评生成,不等同于全文精读。
精彩摘录
- "…Governmental intervention into education can be rationalized on two grounds. The first is the existence of substantial “neighborhood effects,”…"
- "A stable and democratic society is impossible without a minimum degree of literacy and knowledge on the part of most citizens and without widespread acceptance of some common set of values. Education can contribute to both. In consequence, the gain from the education of a child accrues not only to t"
- "The preceding discussion is concerned mostly with primary and secondary schooling. For higher schooling, the case for nationalization on grounds either of neighborhood effects or of technical monopoly is even weaker."
- "What kind of governmental action is justified by this particular neighborhood effect? The most obvious is to require that each child receive a minimum amount of schooling of a specified kind. Such a requirement could be imposed upon the parents without further government action,"
- "If the financial burden imposed by such a schooling requirement could readily be met by the great bulk of the families in a community, it might still be both feasible and desirable to require the parents to meet the cost directly. Extreme cases could be handled by special subsidy provisions for need"
- "In these areas, it would be highly desirable to impose the costs directly on the parents. This would eliminate the governmental machinery now required to collect tax funds from all residents during the whole of their lives and then pay it back mostly to the same people during the period when their c"
- "Finally, but by no means least, imposing the costs on the parents would tend to equalize the social and private costs of having children and so promote a better distribution of families by size."
- "Differences among families in resources and in number of children, plus the imposition of a standard of schooling involving very sizable costs, make such a policy hardly feasible in many parts of the United States. Both in such areas, and in areas where such a policy would be feasible, government ha"
作者简介
米尔顿·弗里德曼(1912-2006),美国人,为哥伦比亚大学博士、芝加哥大学经济学教授,曾当选为美国经济学会会长,并且获得1976年诺贝尔经济学奖金。他被认为是西方最保守的经济学者之一,曾任美国共和党的人物尼克松和戈德华的私人经济顾问。弗里德曼的主要著作有:《对币数量论的研究 》、《消费函数理论》、《资本主义与自由》、《美国货币史,1867-1960年》等书以及许多篇文章。
弗里德曼的声誉主要来自他在三个方面的著作:第一,对资产阶级货币理论的研究,特别是对货币数量论的研究,由于在这一领域中的著作,他成为目前流行于西方的“货币主义”的领袖;第二,在消费函数上的永久性收入的理论;第三,新自由主义的经济观点,而本书是他阐述这种观点的有代表性的著作。
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目录
2002年版序言
1982年版序言
序言
绪论
第一章 经济自由和政治自由之间的关系
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