21 Lessons for the 21st Century

Yuval Noah Harari

出版时间

2018-09-04

ISBN

9780525512172

评分

★★★★★
书籍介绍
In Sapiens, he explored our past. In Homo Deus, he looked to our future. Now, one of the most innovative thinkers on the planet turns to the present to make sense of today's most pressing issues. How do computers and robots change the meaning of being human? How do we deal with the epidemic of fake news? Are nations and religions still relevant? What should we teach our children? Yuval Noah Harari's 21 Lessons for the 21st Century is a probing and visionary investigation into today's most urgent issues as we move into the uncharted territory of the future. As technology advances faster than our understanding of it, hacking becomes a tactic of war, and the world feels more polarized than ever, Harari addresses the challenge of navigating life in the face of constant and disorienting change and raises the important questions we need to ask ourselves in order to survive. In twenty-one accessible chapters that are both provocative and profound, Harari builds on the ideas explored in his previous books, untangling political, technological, social, and existential issues and offering advice on how to prepare for a very different future from the world we now live in: How can we retain freedom of choice when Big Data is watching us? What will the future workforce look like, and how should we ready ourselves for it? How should we deal with the threat of terrorism? Why is liberal democracy in crisis? Harari's unique ability to make sense of where we have come from and where we are going has captured the imaginations of millions of readers. Here he invites us to consider values, meaning, and personal engagement in a world full of noise and uncertainty. When we are deluged with irrelevant information, clarity is power. Presenting complex contemporary challenges clearly and accessibly, 21 Lessons for the 21st Century is essential reading.
AI导读
核心看点
  • 聚焦当下紧迫议题,探讨科技、政治与宗教在21世纪的新变局。
  • 批判数据主义与算法霸权,警示人类可能沦为高效但无感的“数据牛”。
  • 强调批判性思维与终身学习,主张通过冥想重塑自我以应对无常。
适合谁读
  • 对人工智能、大数据及未来社会趋势感兴趣的科技人文爱好者。
  • 希望提升批判性思维,在信息过载时代保持心智平衡的读者。
  • 已阅读《人类简史》系列,想了解作者对当下世界看法的读者。
读前提醒
  • 本书由独立短文组成,结构松散,适合碎片化阅读,不必强求连贯。
  • 作者观点宏大且具挑衅性,建议保持独立思考,勿全盘接受其论断。
  • 结尾关于冥想的内容较为抽象,若感枯燥可快速翻过,重点在前文。
读者共识
  • 叙事技巧高超,观点犀利易引发共鸣,是极佳的社交谈资读物。
  • 相比前两本,本书深度稍逊,部分观点被指炒冷饭或过于空泛。
  • 虽无具体解决方案,但成功唤醒读者对技术异化与自我认知的反思。

本导读基于书籍简介、目录、原文摘录、短评和书评生成,不等同于全文精读。

精彩摘录
  • "譬如, 上司会希望我回复电子邮件愈快愈好, 但他对于我品尝和欣赏眼前食物的能力, 毫无兴趣. 结果就是连我吃饭的时候都在收电子邮件, 也就慢慢失去了重视自己感官感受的能力. 我们现在也在培育一种驯化的人类, 产生的资料量惊人, 而且能够象是巨大资料处理器中的高效晶片一样运作, 然而这些「资料牛」绝对称不上是发挥了人类的最大潜能. 事实上, 因为我们还不太了解人类的心灵, 根本无从得知人类最大潜能是什么样. 然而, 我们却几乎没有投入够多心力, 来探索人类的心灵, 只一心想要着提升网路连结的速度, 提升大数据演算法的效率. 再不注意, 最后的局面就会使退化的人类滥用着持续升级的电脑, 伤害自己,"
  • "人类一旦与身体、感官和真实环境越来越疏离,很可能就会感觉到孤单、迷失方向。……然而一旦与身体失去联系,日子就肯定无法过的开心。只要你在自己的身体里感觉不自在,在这个世界上就不可能自在。"
  • "法西斯主义怎么判断艺术?法西斯主义怎么知道一部电影是好还是坏?非常简单,只有一个标准。电影符合国家利益,就是一部好电影,不符合国家利益,就是一部坏电影。法西斯主义怎么决定学校该教孩子什么?一样的标准:符合国家利益的,就该教。真相?那不重要。"
  • "许多人都以为自己是世界的中心, 自己的文化是人类历史的关键. 许多希腊人相信历史始于荷马, Sophocles和柏拉图, 也相信所有重要的想法和发明都诞生于雅典, 斯巴达, 亚历山大港或君士坦丁堡. 中国国族主义者则会提出抗议, 认为历史是从皇帝和夏代, 商代开始的, 而且不管西方, 伊斯兰或印度有什么成就, 中国都做得更早, 而且更好. 印度本土主义者才不相信中国说了什么, 他们相信, 就连飞机和核弹都是印度先贤发明的, 什么孔子或柏拉图, 都只能瞠乎其后, 爱因斯坦和莱特兄弟就更不用说了. 举例来说, 你可能知道Bhardwaj发明了火箭和飞机, Vishwamitra不但发明, 甚至发射"
  • "不同于《黑客帝国》和《楚门的世界》,赫胥黎质疑的是究竟会不会有人真想逃离,也就是质疑了逃离的可能性。既然你的大脑和“自我”都是母体的一部分,想逃离母体,就必须要逃离自我。这个可能性一直值得探索。在21世纪,摆脱对自我的狭义定义也可能成为必需的生存技能。"
  • "许多教育专家认为,学校现在该教的就是“4C”,即批判性思考(critical thinking)、沟通(communication)、合作(collaboration)和创意(creativity)。说得宽泛一点儿,学校不应该太看重特定的工作技能,而要强调通用的生活技能。最重要的是能够随机应变,学习新事物,在不熟悉的环境里仍然保持心智平衡。想跟上2050年的世界,人类不只需要发明新的想法和产品,最重要的是得一次又一次地重塑自己。"
  • "在历史上,屋顶有时比地基更重要。"
  • "世界上最真实的东西就是痛苦。"
作者简介
Professor Harari was born in Haifa, Israel, to Lebanese parents in 1976. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Oxford in 2002, and is now a lecturer at the Department of History, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He specialized in World History, medieval history and military history. His current research focuses on macro-historical questions: What is the relation between history and biology? What is the essential difference between Homo sapiens and other animals? Is there justice in history? Does history have a direction? Did people become happier as history unfolded? Prof. Harari also teaches a MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) titled A Brief History of Humankind. Prof. Harari twice won the Polonsky Prize for Creativity and Originality, in 2009 and 2012. In 2011 he won the Society for Military History’s Moncado Award for outstanding articles in military history.
用户评论
从Sapiens到21 Lessons,从人的局限到人造物和对物控制的极限,愿景就是个画的饼,饼在接下来的纪年是吃不到了,但思考的能力才是一直推着这个纰漏百出的世界进化下去的动力。
2019年Mark的第一本书。讲历史,政治,宗教,意识形态,AI。但是我比较感兴趣的还是education那一章,觉得很related。算了,以后还是不要看bill gates这种大神推荐的书了。没达到那个境界呢,还是看跟自己更相关的书比较有用。
那些奇怪本书最后为什么是禅修的人根本就没有看懂Yuval——他的根本思想就是佛学的,他的第一本书,就像力学对数学来讲是应用数学一样,他的人类学简直可以说是应用佛学。当然,如果你眼中的佛学是烧香求佛观音送子,那么我们说的不是一件事。甚至也不是说不得讲不清的禅理,看不见摸不着的开悟。
“It’s much harder to struggle against irrelevance than against exploitation”
All too familiar. All too agreeable. 所以赶忙找一本Intellectuals and society出来给自己敲敲钟。
雅思口语必备材料
观点令人深思。
讨论的主题都又基本又重要 内容偏科普(感觉像看了很长的知乎答案lol)// 另外,能relate短评里某友邻说的 从市侩角度来讲这本书很适合用来填满工作里与工作无关的闲聊(好几个领导还正经推荐过...下次不知道说啥尴尬得不行的时候要不然讨论下这?)
an aggregation of hot topics in recent years. only some have insights. I like the ones related to ai, technology, and nation country.
Reinvent yourself again and again.
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