缔造和平

[加]玛格丽特.麦克米伦

出版时间

2018-02-28

ISBN

9787508683027

评分

★★★★★
书籍介绍
翻开这本书,最先撞进眼里的往往不是“四巨头”如何决定世界命运,而是顾维钧们这类小国、弱国代表在谈判桌旁的窘迫与无力。当日本带着三条明确目标涌进巴黎,当顾维钧“他的一生献给了国家……但不适合做我的丈夫”这样一句私人哀叹被作者轻轻记下,读者会忽然意识到:所谓缔造和平,对多数国家而言不过是一场从憧憬到失望的漫长过程。麦克米伦的可贵,在于她没有把巴黎和会简化成《凡尔赛条约》的罪状清单,而是让中国、日本、阿拉伯、巴尔干诸国、俄国都获得各自的声部——世界边界如何在理想与私利之间被重新切割,比条约本身更值得追问。它适合那些不满足于“几个列强瓜分世界”式结论、愿意看清历史断层线如何塑造今天版图的人。
作者简介
玛格丽特•麦克米伦(Margaret MacMillan),加拿大历史学家,历史研究与国际关系领域的领军人物,曾任剑桥大学三一学院院长,现任牛津大学教授,并在加拿大国际关系学院、加拿大大西洋委员会等机构任职。麦克米伦的曾外祖父就是《缔造和平》的主角之一、英国首相劳合•乔治,她的多部作品均与其曾外祖父的时代背景密切相关。《缔造和平》一书是麦克米伦的代表作,斩获达夫•库珀杰作奖、西塞尔提尔曼历史著作奖、塞缪尔•约翰逊非虚构类杰作奖等众多奖项。
AI导读
核心看点
  • 全景还原巴黎和会细节,打破刻板历史印象
  • 剖析四巨头博弈,展现理想与现实的激烈碰撞
  • 揭示民族自决原则如何埋下未来冲突的种子
读者共识
  • 翻译流畅,叙事生动,兼具学术性与可读性
  • 打破教科书简化叙事,展现和会真实复杂性
  • 深刻反思民族自决带来的长期地缘政治影响
精彩摘录
  • "Japan's delegation was dispatched to Paris with three clear goals: to get a clause on racial equality written into the covenant of the League of Nations, to control the north Pacific islands and to keep the German concessions in Shantung."
  • "The Japanese had, at best, lukewarm support in Paris. The Chinese, whose nationals suffered from similar discrimination, felt they would probably vote for the clause but, as one Chinese delegate told an American, they had much more important things to worry about - in particular Japan's claims in Ch"
  • "Wilson, desperate to save the League of Nations but unable to accept the racial equality clause, now faced giving Japan what it wanted in China. What made his position difficult was that China also had a strong case."
  • "The group of some sixty Chinese and their five foreign advisos finally assembled in Paris at the Hôtel Lutétia epitomized China itself, balanced uneasily between the old and the new, the north and the south, and with a strong hint of outside influence."
  • "The great Chinese writer Lu Xun compared his countrymen to people sleeping in a house made of iron. The house was on fire and the sleepers would die unless they woke up. But if they did wake, would they be able to get out? Was it better to let them perish in ignorance or die in the full knowledge of"
  • "The British were particularly concerned about Japans in-roads into their economic sphere in the Yangtze valley. ambassador in okyo warned darkly, "Today we have come to know that Japan - the real Japan - is a frankly opportunistic, not to say selfish, country, of very moderate importance compared wi"
  • "But was that what the United States really wanted? If Japan could not expand westward into Asia, would it turn to the Pacific, toward the Philippines, perhaps even farther east? Wilson and his advisers were torn, as indeed their successors would be in the 1920s, between the pragmatic goal of coopera"
  • "He finished with a warning. "It is a question of whether we can guarantee a peace of half a century to the Far East, or if a situation will be created which can lead to war within ten years." Koo achieved nothing except admiration for his effort and a decision to refer the Shantung question to a com"
目录
序 言
鸣 谢
关于地名
引 言
第一部分 迎接和平

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用户评论
全景式地描述了巴黎和会,涉及到众多国家和人物,细节丰富,叙事生动,人物形象鲜明,非常好读。英法意日各怀鬼胎,威尔逊空有美好愿望而没有足够的手腕和坚定的意治,中东欧新诞生的众小国过分贪婪而不知妥协,德国人普遍不承认战败又因和约条款苛刻而心怀不满,中国和中东则被忽视和出卖,和会不但没有带来和平反而埋下许多纷争的种子,并且延续至今。读了这本书,对众多囯家和民族之间的恩怨情仇多了一点了解。传统外交真的是弱肉强食,尔虞我诈,后来好了一点,但近年来似乎又在变坏,激战正酣的俄乌战争即是明证。
历史总是一遍遍重复,请不要太过自信太过自负
英国人的世俗理性,法国人的狡诈胆小,Wilson的Megali idea,意大利人的丑角,日本人的自卑,中国人的憧憬与失望,巴尔干的乱局,布尔什维克俄国的红色烈火,犹太人的执着,阿拉伯人的愤恨,高加索小国群的覆灭,波兰的政治明星梦,土耳其的民粹,奥地利的自保,投降的德国雄心犹在……所有这一切,汇聚到1918年的巴黎——这座当时的世界之都。镜厅中签署的《凡尔塞和约》,是人类文明于20世纪的进击,它首次明确提出杜绝密室政治(虽然以后很长时间都未做到,可能现在密室政治仍存在)。它不是完美的,但绝不是最差的。全书材料深厚全面,组织绵密,经纬交错,非沉浸式写作不能为也,堪称Non-fiction典范之作。Bug 2 处:P229,第二段,1938应为1918;P426-7,“满洲里”应为“满洲”。
勿以后人之见看待巴黎和会,历史充满未知性,巴黎和会不必然导致希特勒的崛起与二战的爆发,对德国而言情况并非如其所宣传的那般无路可退,期待一个会议把问题解决的尽善尽美太理想化了。
比较全面客观的历史介绍,巴黎和会之后持久和平没有形成主要的原因是没有根除德国的军国主义和极端民族主义,这主要是美国英国的自私和短视,外加俄国局势的混乱动荡造成的;独裁专制、军国主义和极端民族主义是人类近代化以来最危险最凶恶的敌人,必须予以根除!
资料翔实,行文流畅,到目前为止读过的关于巴黎和会的最全面细致的记录,对那些聚光灯下的大人物做决定时的雄心与无奈展现得很生动。但有些地方不免啰嗦,观点也可商榷。全书叙述太多了些,而分析与思考稍显不足。
唯一的差处是一个人不太容易看得出主旨来
翻译的真不错,可读性意外的高~
平白晓畅,比八月炮火容易读一点。最喜欢关于日本和中国的章节。读完对自己有一个新发现,我居然有一点民族主义倾向。在读自己最熟悉的那段历史的时候感受最深的是愤怒的切肤之痛。缔造和平,一个冠冕堂皇的愿景,可最终也许还是在优先利己的基础上妥协其他民族的利益。第一次近距离地观看到了中欧、巴尔干半岛、阿拉伯世界乃至整个欧亚复杂的民族宗教关系,观看利益相关者拉锯战。我们怎么能禁止战争?我们至今依然在追问这些问题。
且不论二战的爆发原因,单说巴黎和会的这些天,一个混乱,暴躁,不和不同,一切人与一切人开战的人类新文明社会,展示在眼前。
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