Liquidated

[美] Karen Zouwen Ho

出版时间

2009-07-12

ISBN

9780822345992

评分

★★★★★
书籍介绍

From Publishers Weekly

The timely question, What caused the current global financial crisis? provokes answers usually aimed at the level of institutions and the more abstract market logic. Ho's refreshing ethnography of the daily lives of Wall Street investment bankers takes another tack and outlines a web of practices, beliefs and structures that may be vital to understanding what keeps the market system in place despite built-in instabilities. Ho, a former business analyst and now an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Minnesota, unpacks constant downsizing, high risk/high reward job liquidity, shortsighted compensation structures, prestige and the ruse of shareholder value. Her keen eye for the significance of space illuminates workplace narratives, e.g., segregating staff by floor, function and prestige; constant and lavish recruiting events at Princeton and Harvard; and anticlimactically tawdry office space for most workers. The author exposes how elite undergraduates are immersed in a culture promoting finance as the only legitimate job, how educational pedigrees reinforce the financial world's self-image—while the actual jobs remain rigidly hierarchical (stratifying women, people of color and non–Ivy League graduates), highly unstable and isolating, encouraging a culture in which making money is the only value. (Aug.)

Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Review

"We're pretty familiar with the economic rationale for the regime of cost-cutting and downsizing throughout corporate America in recent decades. But Karen Ho's research greatly enriches our understanding of how Wall Street's own peculiar culture of transient relationships and relentless competition has contributed to the shareholder revolution. And, along the way, her interviews and fieldwork offer a very revealing picture of the mind of Wall Street. A fascinating and important book." Doug Henwood, editor of Left Business Observer " Karen Ho has picked an excellent time to publish her fascinating new study...patient ethnographic analysis has produced a fascinating portrait that will be refreshingly novel to most bankers...Ho peppers her account with revealing eyewitness stories...Most fascinating of all is her account of how Wall Street becomes deluded by its own rhetoric about "market efficiency"...I, for one, would vote that Ho's account becomes mandatory reading on any MBA (or investment banking course); if nothing else, it might be more entertaining than the other texts that bankers swallow so uncritically." Gillian Tett, Financial Times, 2nd October 2009

Karen Ho is Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of Minnesota.

AI导读
核心看点
  • 本书通过深入华尔街投行的民族志研究,揭示金融危机的深层文化根源。作者剖析了投行如何通过招聘精英、构建高压工作文化及短视薪酬体系,将市场不稳定性内化为组织常态,从而解释了为何看似理性的市场逻辑最终导致系统性崩溃。
  • 详细记录华尔街投行对名校精英的筛选与规训过程,批判性地展示了‘聪明’文化如何被建构为一种霸权。书中揭露了投行如何利用精英身份认同,使从业者自愿接受剥削性劳动,并将对股东价值的盲目追求合理化,反映了资本对个体主体性的深度操控。
  • 探讨全球化叙事与金融霸权的共谋关系,指出投行所谓的全球扩张实则是将风险转嫁给社会。作者批判了‘和气商业’理论的虚伪性,揭示金融从业者如何在缺乏长远战略的情况下,通过短期逐利行为加剧经济动荡,并依赖政府救助来维持其不可持续的模式。
适合谁读
  • 对人类学、社会学及经济人类学感兴趣的研究者与学者,特别是关注金融资本主义、组织文化、劳工研究及权力结构分析的读者。本书提供了罕见的从内部视角解构金融精英文化的学术样本,适合需要批判性分析金融体系社会基础的学术人群。
  • 对华尔街运作机制、投行职场文化及金融伦理有强烈好奇心的普通读者。虽然涉及学术理论,但书中大量真实的田野调查细节、职场故事及对精英招聘内幕的揭露,能满足大众对金融圈内幕的猎奇心理,同时提供反思职场异化与价值观扭曲的视角。
  • 从事金融、咨询、企业管理或人力资源工作的从业者,以及关注职场伦理、劳动权益与社会责任的公众。书中关于高压工作环境、短期激励弊端及精英主义危害的讨论,有助于反思现代职场中的剥削机制、职业倦怠及道德困境,具有现实警示意义。
读前提醒
  • 本书包含大量人类学与社会学理论术语,如‘惯习’、‘霸权’、‘股东价值革命’等,阅读时需结合上下文理解其批判性含义。建议读者具备基本的社会科学思维,不要仅将其视为职场八卦,而应关注作者如何通过微观实践揭示宏观结构性问题。
  • 作者作为‘局内人’的田野调查身份存在争议,部分读者质疑其研究立场的客观性。阅读时应保持批判性距离,注意区分作者的个人经历与普遍性结论。同时,书中对金融技术细节的描述较浅,重点在于文化批判,不适合寻求具体金融操作指南的读者。
  • 书中后半部分涉及新古典经济学与股东价值理论的历史溯源,内容较为枯燥且理论性强。若对金融史或经济哲学无兴趣,可快速浏览。建议重点关注前几章关于招聘、职场文化及裁员案例的描述,这些部分更具可读性且直接回应了金融危机的文化成因。
读者共识
  • 读者普遍认为本书提供了独特的批判视角,深刻揭示了华尔街文化如何系统性制造不稳定。尽管部分读者认为作者理论深度有限或立场偏颇,但多数认可其对金融精英主义、短视行为及职场剥削的揭露具有震撼力,有助于理解金融危机背后的社会文化动因。
  • 许多读者指出书中关于投行高压工作、精英招聘内幕及裁员文化的描述极具真实感,引发了对职场伦理与个人价值观的深刻反思。然而,也有批评声音认为作者过度依赖个人经历,缺乏对金融系统复杂性的全面理解,且部分论点重复,未能提供超越常识的新见解。
  • 读者共识认为本书不适合作为金融实务指南,而应作为批判性社会文本阅读。尽管存在学术争议,但其对‘股东价值’神话的解构及对金融从业者异化状态的描绘,为理解当代资本主义的矛盾提供了重要参考,尤其在反思996文化与金融伦理方面具有现实意义。

本导读基于书籍简介、目录、原文摘录、短评和书评生成,不等同于全文精读。

精彩摘录
  • "和气商业理论(the doux commerce theory)是18世纪兴起的一种理论,认为利益会驯化欲望,商业温和无害,可以去除贪图享乐的恶习。——译注"
  • "将霍夫曼与塔利的观察结合起来,就是我的观点。正是投行家异常显赫的主体性——他们的精英履历、经验和等级表现——在低效率的美国企业和过时的金融技术中授权并合法化了自身的权威。深入到华尔街的组织文化之中可以看到,特定的性情是被建构出来的,所以投行鼓励银行家们投身于激烈的交易决策制定之中,并将市场应变能力视作他们优越激烈的交易决策制定之中,并将市场应变能力视作他们优越性的标志。这些结构化的实践在缺乏面向未来战略规划的情况下就落实了,并且被股东价值的额意识形态合理化,反过来又借力于持续的全球化吹捧、营销和杠杆操作,只是为了使投行实现增长和占据主导地位的目的。独特的金融意识形态和交易使得华尔街为首的金融繁"
  • "在1998年和CNN旗下的钱线栏目(MoneyLine)的采访中,[美林]当时的首席执行官大卫·曼斯基谈到了公司的全球扩张战略,……"
  • "精英主义的交流互动 他们被宣称是“最优秀和最聪明的”。他们会很快习惯来自同龄人、父母、求职者和全社会的尊敬、给予他们的地位和钦佩的赞赏。那些最迷恋和依赖于他们所拥有的公认的“精英圈”资格的人,总是想方设法保留并继续享用他们早已习惯的高地位,尤其当毕业即将到来。 就像一位《每日普林斯顿人》的学生作者德文·彼得森观察到的关于“精英工作的诱惑和缺陷”那样:“四年的时间里,我们一直享受着自己是最优秀学校的孩子的事实,在这个历史上最精英、绝对强大的国度,这些投行企业为我们提供了一种保持我们在社会上优势地位的方法,通过提供其他职业不能提供的通向财富与权力的途径。” 华尔街能够如此有效地推销自己,是因为他们"
  • "“这不是投行的错。这是因为我们整日忙于奔波来取悦他人,以至于很难清楚我们自己真正想要的东西。” 很多学生意识,投行和咨询已经占据了他们对未来的期待,阻碍了他们对“我们处在世界中的位置和特权”这一问题的反思,因为对紧握特权的渴望已经在这种招聘过程中自然化了。 如果一个人的人生目标是使得“资产数百万的企业变得更加富有”,这是一回事,而如果一个人的目标是“如果不进入高盛,就不幸福”,那这就是另外一回事了,但问题的难点就在于学生很难质疑或者反思他们真正对什么有热情,更不用说反思与他们已有的特权相矛盾的事情了。"
  • "My[13] particular strategy in “studying up,” to break through the barriers of security and public relations, was based on institutional kinship.15 To enable this research, I leveraged my socioeconomic background and connections with elite universities–the only sites from which Wall Street investment"
  • "As[21] I have footnoted,[note 16] all of my informants have been given pseudonyms, and although I struggled with whether or not to disguise the financial institutions themselves, I ultimately decided not to. First, the project focuses on Wall Street investment banking culture broadly conceived; as s"
  • "In[23] parallel, I also encountered Jesse Jackson’s “Wall Street Project,” a division of his Rainbow / ᴘᴜꜱʜ coalition based in New York City, articulating a strategy of incorporating African-Americans and other excluded groups into the stock market. This project, founded in 1997, began as a coalitio"
作者简介
Karen Ho is Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of Minnesota.
目录
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Anthropology Goes to Wall Street
1. Biographies of Hegemony: The Culture of Smartness and the Recruitment and Construction of Investment Bankers
2. Wall Street's Orientation: Exploitation, Empowerment, and the Politics of Hard Work
3. Wall Street Historiographies and the Shareholder Value Revolution

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用户评论
知道一下投行是怎么运作的还是挺好玩的。不过,华尔街不是通过自己的文化控制了世界,而是通过货币创造控制了世界。拿掉货币创造的功能,华尔街的文化会自然消亡。人类学家应该研究一下理解金融的人和不理解的人是否有生殖隔离,如果有的话,那这波人哪天把人类作死了,就可以理解为生物进化了。
neo-classical economics + shareholder value -> WS IB culture -> (global) market hegemony -> financial crisis
传说中的华尔街民族志~每周工作100-110小时是咋活下来的~~
bankers' dispositions and Wall Street's Organizational Culture
You would find local if you only look at local.
both insider and outsider,从人文社科的角度,用social construction解释华尔街的一些现象、决策和发展,整个叙事的narrative都挺有意思的,也揭示了一些外人看不到的事实,尤其是对shareholder value,globalism和smartness的理解和定义的变迁和社会化,internalization,是只有华尔街经历或者只有人类学or社科经历的人体会不到的。但是文字确实不是太清楚,有的时候不是很能理解作者想要表达什么或者某一大段话的意义
我很难评。感觉深度不够,只是在说一些美本留学生中的常识
bias towards neoclassical economy
my ex life of late night taxi and delivery menus (though not in wall street)
之前看译本get不到它的好,看原版才知道为什么它那么significant
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