Cathay

Ezra Pound

出版时间

2016-01-04

ISBN

9780811223522

评分

★★★★★
书籍介绍
这是一部充满悖论的译作:庞德不懂中文,却凭友人费诺洛莎的笔记,把中国古诗搬进了英语。读者最常讨论的,恰恰是它的
作者简介
Ezra Weston Loomis Pound (30 October 1885 – 1 November 1972) was an expatriate American poet and critic, and a major figure in the early modernist poetry movement. His contribution to poetry began with his development of Imagism, a movement derived from classical Chinese and Japanese poetry, stressing clarity, precision and economy of language. His works include Ripostes (1912), Hugh Selwyn Mauberley (1920) and the unfinished 120-section epic, The Cantos (1917–1969). Pound worked in London during the early 20th century as foreign editor of several American literary magazines, and helped discover and shape the work of contemporaries such as T. S. Eliot, James Joyce, Robert Frost and Ernest Hemingway.[a] Angered by the carnage of World War I, Pound lost faith in Great Britain and blamed the war on usury and international capitalism. He moved to Italy in 1924 and throughout the 1930s and 1940s embraced Benito Mussolini's fascism, expressed support for Adolf Hitler, and wrote for publications owned by the British fascist Sir Oswald Mosley. During World War II, he was paid by the Italian government to make hundreds of radio broadcasts criticizing the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Jews, as a result of which he was arrested in 1945 by American forces in Italy on charges of treason. He spent months in detention in a U.S. military camp in Pisa, including three weeks in a 6-by-6-foot (1.8 by 1.8 m) outdoor steel cage, which he said triggered a mental breakdown: "when the raft broke and the waters went over me". The following year he was deemed unfit to stand trial, and incarcerated in St. Elizabeths psychiatric hospital in Washington, D.C., for over 12 years. Pound began work on sections of The Cantos while in custody in Italy. These parts were published as The Pisan Cantos (1948), for which he was awarded the Bollingen Prize in 1949 by the Library of Congress, leading to enormous controversy. Largely due to a campaign by his fellow writers, he was released from St. Elizabeths in 1958 and returned to live in Italy until his death. His political views ensure that his work remains as controversial now as it was during his lifetime; in 1933 Time magazine called him "a cat that walks by himself, tenaciously unhousebroken and very unsafe for children". Hemingway wrote: "The best of Pound's writing—and it is in the Cantos—will last as long as there is any literature."
AI导读
编辑书评
  • 《华夏集》的真正价值不在于它是否准确传达了李白的原意,而在于它展示了语言边界之外的可能性。庞德以一种近乎暴力的方式剥离了中国古诗的文化外壳,只留下最纯粹的视觉意象,并用英文的节奏重新组装。这种做法虽然在汉学家眼中是谬误,但在文学史上却是革命性的。它证明了翻译可以是一种创造性的背叛,通过误解来达成另一种层面的理解。对于当代读者,这本书是一面镜子,映照出我们如何在异质文化中寻找共鸣,以及语言本身如何塑造我们的感知现实。它不值得作为学习中文古诗的教材,但绝对值得作为研究现代主义美学起源的标本。
  • 与同类译作相比,《华夏集》的独特之处在于其毫不掩饰的主观性与实验性。不同于后来许渊冲等译者追求的形神兼备,庞德彻底放弃了忠实原则,转而追求“等效”的情感冲击。这种策略使得他的译本更像是一组印象派画作,远看色彩斑斓,近看笔触凌乱。其局限性在于过度依赖二手资料导致的文化失真,如将“荡子”译为sot(醉鬼)等低级错误,削弱了文本的严肃性。然而,正是这种粗糙感赋予了它生命力。如果你渴望看到经典如何在异域土壤中变异生长,这本书提供了极佳的案例;但若你期待原汁原味的唐诗韵味,请转向其他译本。它适合在深夜独自朗读,感受那种跨越时空的疏离与美感交织。
核心看点
  • 庞德在完全不懂中文的情况下,基于费诺罗萨的笔记进行“创造性误译”,将中国古诗转化为意象派诗歌。这种翻译并非追求语义精准,而是提取核心意象(如“荒城空大漠”译为Desolate castle, the sky, the wide desert),以极简、凝练的英文重构诗意,确立了现代主义翻译的新范式,即翻译作为独立的文学创作而非附属品。
  • 书中收录的《华夏集》不仅包含李白、王维等唐代诗人作品,还涉及《诗经·采薇》及古英语长诗《海员》。庞德通过拆解汉字结构或依赖日文转译,赋予古诗一种陌生的距离感与音乐性。例如将《青青河畔草》译为The Beautiful Toilet,虽因文化语境缺失产生滑稽效果,却意外凸显了视觉冲击力,展现了跨语言转换中的张力与局限。
  • 该译本的价值在于其历史开创性而非文本忠实度。庞德借他者形象探索自我表达,用英文音律弥补意象偏差,使中国古诗在西方获得新生。读者需将其视为庞德的原创诗集而非严格译本,其中对典故的省略、语法的简化以及自由发挥,体现了早期现代主义者打破传统格律束缚、追求瞬间感知真实的艺术野心。
读者共识
  • 读者普遍承认庞德翻译的勇气与历史价值,但也明确指出其在准确性上的严重缺陷。许多评论提到诸如《青青河畔草》被译为The Beautiful Toilet等令人啼笑皆非的例子,认为这些误译源于文化隔阂与语言障碍。然而,部分读者也赞赏其英文音律的美感,认为虽然意象不准,但音乐性弥补了不足,具有独立的文学魅力。
  • 共识在于将此书视为“创作”而非“翻译”。多位读者指出,庞德只是借用古诗的主题和意象进行二次创作,尤其是简短诗歌处理更为自由,甚至放弃解释直接陈述意思。这种彻底的发明性质引发了争议:有人认为这是现代主义翻译的开端,也有人质疑其意义,认为不如更自由的原创,且对中文原意的背离使其难以作为学习古诗的工具。
  • 读者对中英对照的需求强烈,且普遍感到语法限制了翻译的深度。尽管有人喜欢朗读其韵律,但更多双语读者表示,由于能看懂中英文,反而觉得庞德的译本既不准确又不够自由,处于尴尬境地。总体评价呈现两极分化:一方面敬佩其开创性,另一方面遗憾其未能传达古诗的简洁深刻,认为其价值局限于那个特定的时代语境。
用户评论
朗读
补评:不知道是不是这个版本,姑且标这个版本吧。toilet查了一下,应该是梳妆的意思,当然也不排除有反讽的意味,毕竟女主人公是娼妓,而她的丈夫是醉鬼。短诗比较可人,尤其是同原诗对照着读,中文是横向的一行一联,而英文把句子纵向断开,因此一些句意的转折或者承接就觉得很奇妙。 @2020-09-19 19:40:53
粗略地读了一下,所以不打分了。读了一些对于翻译的分析和点评,感觉语法真的很大程度地限制了翻译啊
异质的意象为原作所无,创造性的误译更使本书可脱离翻译范畴转变为诗集。
哪里有中英对照本!对中文不精通但还是有翻译李白(リハク)的勇气,这就是大家吗
用词简约平和,当创作比当译本读更舒服些,The Seafarer放在里面违和
庞德这本翻译中国古诗的《华夏集》真是有意思,虽然不少古代文化语境中的特定用词肯定不能那么直译hhh个人最喜欢的译作是李白(Rihaku)的《古风·胡关饶风沙》(Lament of the Frontier Guard),庞德将“荒城空大漠”译为“Desolate castle, the sky, the wide desert”,既有意象派的精准和凝练,又不失原诗宏大意境。
看的不是这个版本,而是网上扒的扫描版,1915年最早发行的那个版本,只有几十页。另外Lustra中增补那几首也读过了。
下载
全部深度解读 →主题书单高分榜最近更新