Nudge

Richard H. Thaler

出版时间

2008-04-08

ISBN

9780300122237

评分

★★★★★
书籍介绍

Every day, we make decisions on topics ranging from personal investments to schools for our children to the meals we eat to the causes we champion. Unfortunately, we often choose poorly. The reason, the authors explain, is that, being human, we all are susceptible to various biases that can lead us to blunder. Our mistakes make us poorer and less healthy; we often make bad decisions involving education, personal finance, health care, mortgages and credit cards, the family, and even the planet itself. Thaler and Sunstein invite us to enter an alternative world, one that takes our humanness as a given. They show that by knowing how people think, we can design choice environments that make it easier for people to choose what is best for themselves, their families, and their society. Using colorful examples from the most important aspects of life, Thaler and Sunstein demonstrate how thoughtful choice architecture” can be established to nudge us in beneficial directions without restricting freedom of choice. Nudge offers a unique new takefrom neither the left nor the righton many hot-button issues, for individuals and governments alike. This is one of the most engaging and provocative books to come along in many years. (20080518)

Richard H. Thaler, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2017 for his pioneering work in the fields of behavioral economics and finance, is the Charles R. Walgreen Distinguished Service Professor of Behavioral Science and Economics at the University of Chicago’s Booth School of Business, where he is the director of the Center for Decision Research. He is also ...

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AI导读
核心看点
  • 提出自由家长主义,温和引导决策
  • 揭示人类认知偏差与非理性行为
  • 设计选择架构以优化公共政策
适合谁读
  • 对行为经济学与心理学感兴趣的读者
  • 从事公共政策制定与产品设计者
  • 希望改善个人决策质量的普通人
读前提醒
  • 后半部分案例基于美国国情,需结合背景
  • 理论深度有限,侧重应用与案例展示
  • 关注选择架构设计,而非强制干预手段
读者共识
  • 视角独特,颠覆传统理性人假设
  • 案例丰富有趣,但部分观点略显杂乱
  • 实用性强,启发思考生活中的选择

本导读基于书籍简介、目录、原文摘录、短评和书评生成,不等同于全文精读。

精彩摘录
  • "因此,在许多领域,人们都倾向于认为结果是完全可以预测的,并且音乐家、演员或者作家的成功与他们的能力和人格魅力是分不开的。对于这一倾向,我们要多加小心,关键时刻一些很小的干预甚至是巧合,都会对最终结果产生深远的影响。那些当红歌星们很可能与其他成百上千名有同样才华的艺人在演出水平上并没有太大的区别,但我们却连那些人的名字都叫不上来。"
  • "“损失厌恶”容易使人产生惰性,即一种强烈的保持现状的欲望。如果你因为不想招致损失而不愿意放弃某些事情,你便会拒绝因此发生的交易。在另外一个实验中,一个班里的一半学生得到了咖啡杯,而另一半学生得到的是一大块巧克力。咖啡杯和巧克力的价钱大体相当,因此在得到这两样东西之前,同学们表现出了对二者基本相等的占有欲望。然而,一且他们拿到了各自的东西,当我们再次要求他们将手中的东西换成另外一种时,仅有10%的人愿意这样做。 因此,我们看出,“损失厌恶”的作用实际上是一种认知助推它竭力阻止我们改变现有的状况,即便这些改变对我们非常有益。"
  • "别被自我想象中的聚光灯照花了眼! 你应当这样想:实际上他们并没有自己所想的那样关注自己。"
  • "As we shall see, small and apparently insignificant details can have major impacts on people's behavior. A good rule of thumb is to assume that "everything matters."
  • "A nudge, as we will use the term, is any aspect of the choice architecture that alters people’s behavior in a predictable way without forbidding any options or significantly changing their economic incentives."
  • "To qualify as Econs, people are not required to make perfect forecasts (that would require omniscience), but they are required to make unbiased forecasts. That is, the forecasts can be wrong, but they can’t be systematically wrong in a predictable direction. Unlike Econs, Humans predictably err."
  • "Again, biases can creep in when similarity and frequency diverge. The most famous demonstration of such biases involves the case of a hypothetical woman named Linda. In this experiment, subjects were told the following: “Linda is thirty-one years old, single, outspoken, and very bright. She majored "
  • "Mere measurement effect: when people are asked what they intend to do, they become more likely to act in accordance with their answers."
作者简介
Richard H. Thaler, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2017 for his pioneering work in the fields of behavioral economics and finance, is the Charles R. Walgreen Distinguished Service Professor of Behavioral Science and Economics at the University of Chicago’s Booth School of Business, where he is the director of the Center for Decision Research. He is also the co-director (with Robert Shiller) of the Behavioral Economics Project at the National Bureau of Economic Research and the 2015 President of the American Economic Association. He has been published in several prominent journals and is the author of a number of books, including Misbehaving: The Making of Behavioral Economics. Cass R. Sunstein specializes in constitutional law, regulatory policy, and economic analysis of law. He is by far the most cited law professor in the United States. He has also written for many popular newspapers and magazines, including The New York Times, The Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, The Boston Globe, Chicago Tribune, The American Prospect, Time, Harper’s Magazine, and New Republic. He has also appeared on many national television and radio shows, including Nightline, Fox News, ABC World News, NBC Nightly News, 20/20, NewsHour, The O’Reilly Factor, and Fresh Air. Sunstein graduated in 1975 from Harvard College and in 1978 from Harvard Law School, magna cum laude. He clerked for Justice Thurgood Marshall of the U.S. Supreme Court. Before joining the faculty of the University of Chicago Law School, he worked as an attorney-advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel of the U.S. Department of Justice. Mr. Sunstein is the author of many articles and a number of books, including Republic.com (2001), Risk and Reason (2002), The Cost-Benefit State (2002), Why Societies Need Dissent (2003), The Second Bill of Rights (2004), Laws of Fear: Beyond the Precautionary Principle (2005), and Worst-Case Scenarios (2007).
目录
Nudge Acknowledgments
Introduction
Part I: Humans and Econs
1. Biases and Blunders
2. Resisting Temptation

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用户评论
20200508 like a flywheel
Too wide as the coverage is, the books fails to include more in-depth cost-benefit analysis.
之前拜读Thaler论文时就深深为他的洞察力折服,如今读他写的科普书真更别提多有趣啦!十分推荐!P.S. 成功收入俺的论文麾下☺️
读不下去了。涉及很多美国医保、贷款等现状和政策看得我一头雾水。这本书是写给decision architect的。至于我这种困惑青年,先认清楚自己吧
Interesting! keyword "Libertarian Paternalism" as one of the "third ways"--maintain and even improve the agents' freedom to choose while institutions designing the schemes toward a direction that "manipulates"/makes agents' lives longer, healthier, and better. Relevance: "not for bigger gov, but for better governance"
基本是从行为经济学角度来引导“如何做更好的选择”。不过其实还是以政府公共政策领域为主的,也有一些社会心理学的研究结合。最喜欢的居然是反讽婚姻制度部分。。
Push yourself to be the big elephant who nudges rather than the small one nudged by other irrationals #getAbstract#
自己的研究领域 libertarian paternalism // 作者举例的时候分别有调侃到康奈尔和罗马尼亚 感觉有被双倍冒犯 lol
A nudge is any aspects of the choice architecture that alters people‘s behavior in a predictable way without forbidding any options or significantly changing their economic incentives.to count as a mere nudge,the intervention must be easy and cheap to avoid.libertarian parternalism is a relatively weak,soft,and nonintrusive type of parternalism .
Thaler是俺最喜欢、最敬重的经济学家之一~
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