书籍介绍

Statistical physics establishes a bridge from the macroscopic world to study the microscopic world. This is a theory with the fewest assumptions and the broadest conclusions. Up to now there is no evidence to show that statistical physics itself is responsible for any mistakes. Statistical physics has become an important branch of modern theoretical physics and this course has become one of the common fundamental courses of graduate students in different majors in physics departments.Statistical physics is a branch of science engaged in studying the laws of thermal motion of macroscopic systems. The advanced statistics for graduate students mainly studies quantum statistics. The first four chapters of this book are fundamental, and should be well known. The last five chapters are recent developments, including the studies on Bose-Einstein condensation, a class of inverse problems in quantum statistics (their Chen's exact solution formulas, Dai's exact solution formulas,asymptotic behavior control theory, and concrete realizations of the inversion theories), an introduction to the theory of Green's functions in quantum statistics, the unified diagonalization theorem for Hamiltonians of quadratic form, and an introduction to the third formulation of quantum statistics and the functional integral approach. This course was edited by revising the lecture notes of the author, from courses of quantum statistics and advanced statistics for graduate students,since 1978. At the same time, this work contains the research results of some related projects, supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Chapter 1 Fundamental Principles 1.1 Introduction: The Characters of Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics and Their Relationship 1.2 Basic Thermodynamic Identities 1.3 Fundamental Principles and Conclusions of Classical Statistics 1.3.1 Microscopic and Macroscopic Descriptions, Statistical Distribution Functions 1.3.2 Liouville Theorem 1.3.3 Statistical Independence 1.3.4 Microscopical Canonical, Canonical and Grand Canonical Ensembles 1.4 Boltzmann Gas 1.5 Density Matrix 1.5.1 Density Matrix 1.5.2 Some General Properties of the Density Matrix 1.6 Liouville Theorem in Quantum Statistics 1.7 Canonical Ensemble 1.8 Grand Canonical Ensemble 1.8.1 Fundamental Expression of the Grand Canonical Ensemble 1.8.2 Derivation of the Fundamental Thermodynamic Identity 1.9 Probability Distribution and Slater Sum 1.9.1 Meaning of the Diagonal Elements of the Density Matrix 1.9.2 Slater Summation 1.9.3 Example : Probability of the Harmonic Ensemble 1.10 Theory of the Reduced Density MatrixChapter 2 The Perfect Gas in Quantum Statistics 2.1 Indistinguishability Principle for Identical Particles 2.2 Bose Distribution and Fermi Distribution 2.2.1 Perfect Gases in Quantum Statistics 2.2.2 Bose Distribution 2.2.3 Fermi Distribution 2.2.4 Comparison of Three Distributions;Gibbs Paradox Again ……Chapter 3 Second Quantization and Model HamiltoniansChapter 4 Least Action Principle, Field Quantization and the Electron-Phonon SystemChapter 5 Bose-Einstein CondensationChapter 6 Some Inverse Problems in Quanturn StatistiesChapter 7 An Introduction to Theory of Green's FunctionsChapter 8 A Unified Diagonalization Theorem for Quadratic HamiltonianChapter 9 Functional Integral Approach: A Third Formulation of Quantum Statistical MechanicsReferencesIndex

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