Science Fictions - Stuart Ritchie

Science Fictions

Stuart Ritchie

出版社

Bodley Head

出版时间

2020-07-16

ISBN

9781847925664

评分

★★★★★
书籍介绍

A major exposé that reveals the absurd and shocking problems that pervade and undermine contemporary science.

So much relies on science. But what if science itself can’t be relied on?

Medicine, education, psychology, health, parenting – wherever it really matters, we look to science for advice. Science Fictions reveals the disturbing flaws that undermine our understanding of all of these fields and more.

While the scientific method will always be our best and only way of knowing about the world, in reality the current system of funding and publishing science not only fails to safeguard against scientists’ inescapable biases and foibles, it actively encourages them. From widely accepted theories about ‘priming’ and ‘growth mindset’ to claims about genetics, sleep, microbiotics, as well as a host of drugs, allergies and therapies, we can trace the effects of unreliable, overhyped and even fraudulent papers in austerity economics, the anti-vaccination movement and dozens of bestselling books – and occasionally count the cost in human lives.

Stuart Ritchie was among the first people to help expose these problems. In this vital investigation, he gathers together the evidence of their full and shocking extent – and how a new reform movement within science is fighting back. Often witty yet deadly serious, Science Fictions is at the vanguard of the insurgency, proposing a host of remedies to save and protect this most valuable of human endeavours from itself.

Stuart Ritchie is a lecturer in the Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre at King’s College London. His main research focus is human intelligence: how it relates to the brain, how much it’s affected by genetics, and how much it can be improved by factors such as education. He is a noted supporter of the Open Science movement, and has worked on tools to reform scie...

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用户评论
when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure
A book that all scientific researchers should read. 要怎么在有grant, publication和application的压力下确保做genuine and humble science?希望我现在在做的和未来想要做的不是在contribute to a whole mess
7.5/10.
原来心理学尤其是社会心理学不只有 p-hacking 等导致的复制危机暴露出的几十上百种理论可能无法复现那摊子事,还有被试太少导致统计效力不足以及档案抽屉效应使得文献综述、荟萃分析也不一定可靠的问题(当然这与能否成功复制也有关)。小设计导致大效应的研究好像问题特别多,而且还偏就是关注这方面的科学记者乃至研究者本人,喜欢从实验室结果直接推断出真实世界中的结论。所以那些号称每天做几分钟什么动作或用个什么小诀窍就能提高记忆或什么能力几十个百分点,以及商家整点小伎俩就能诱使大批人不自觉激情消费的通俗心理学书籍,至少在研究复现机制全面普及之前,真的没法信了。
a must-read for all consumers of science
每个科研人员都需要读的一本书。Positive results 或 p-value < 0.05,就像是Gollum 嘴里的 My precious。我对作者提出的解决方案持悲观态度,但凭我的体验,经历足够长时间的选拔,在学术圈出类拔萃的绝大多数还是扎实工作,能战胜 hype 诱惑的强者。
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