Health Economics - Jay Bhattacharya

Health Economics

Jay Bhattacharya

出版时间

2013-01-01

ISBN

9781137029966

评分

★★★★★
书籍介绍

Health Economics introduces students of economics, public health, and medicine to the modern field of health economics. The book emphasizes the link between economic theory and health policy, and covers both the established models of health insurance and the dilemmas that policy makers currently face.

Comprehensive in coverage this textbook, written by academics from leading institutions, discusses current developments and debates in modern health economics from an international perspective. Economic models are presented in detail, complemented by real-life explanations and analysis, and discussions of the influence of such theories on policymaking. Offering sound pedagogy and economic rigor, Health Economics focuses on building intuition alongside appropriate mathematical formality, translating technical language into accessible economic narrative. Rather than shying away from intellectual building blocks, students are introduced to technical and theoretical foundations and encouraged to apply these to inform empirical studies and wider policymaking.

This book is designed for advanced undergraduate courses in health economics and policy but may also interest postgraduate students in economics, medicine and health policy. Ideal length for one-semester courses.

Jay Bhattacharya is a professor of medicine and a CHP/PCOR core faculty member. His research focuses on the constraints that vulnerable populations face in making decisions that affect their health status, as well as the effects of government policies and programs designed to benefit vulnerable populations. He has published empirical economics and health services research on th...

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精彩摘录
  • "人们对私人医院市场的另外一个担心是,一些人群——比如穷人和未参保者——不能得到医疗服务。一个解决办法是给予非营利医院减税优惠,这些医院在历史上主要服务穷人和弱势群体。美国、法国和德国都有健全的非营利医院部门。考虑到非营利医院的确提供更多的慈善性质的医疗服务和索要更低的价格,它们确实促进了公平。"
  • "卫生政策固有三难权衡。在理想世界中,健康、富有和公平三个目标都能同时实现:(1)人们将过着长久、健康的生活;(2)在医疗服务上几乎不花患者自己的钱;(3)而且,社会中的每个人都能得到这种幸福状态。然而,在实践中,一国不可能三者兼得。任何接 近其中一个目标的做法,必然导致我们离另外一个目标更远。"
  • "阿罗认为,有一种原因导致健康与其他产品不同,也导致了一类“特殊经济问题”。这种原因就是不确定性。人们大致知道下周要买多少电视或香蕉,但他们对医疗服务的需求非常不确定。突然摔断了腿或心脏病突发,会突然创造人们对昂贵医疗服务的需求。由于大多数人都厌恶风险,而且与健康相关的不确定性让人不爽,因此,这种不确定性促使人们购买医疗保险。"
  • "医疗服务市场中无处不在的保险,是这个市场独有的特征,将它与其他市场区别开。保险市场比较特别,它凸显了买者和卖者之间的不对称信息。这里的信息不对称,简单地说,是指医疗保险客户比保险公司更了解自己(指客户)的健康风险。一方了解的信息多,另一方了解的信息少,故这种情况被称为信息不对称。如果健 康状况较差的客户向保险公司如实报告,这不会产生什么问题。然而,这不符合这些客户的利益,因为保险公司会向他们索要更高的保险费。相反,健康状况较差的客户有强烈动机伪装成健康客户。在某种意义上,健康经济学中的大多数问题都源于人们会对自己健康状况撒谎。"
  • "另外,医疗服务市场充满了外部性,因为健康状况具有传染性。如果你的邻居决定买台电视或吃个香蕉,这对你可能没什么影响。然而,如果你的同事患流感或肺结核,但他们不看病就来上班,这可能会影响你的健康。其他人的健康决策会影响你,你的健康决策会影响其他人。这个事实可能会降低市场运行效率。"
  • "增量成本效果比(incremental cost-effectiveness ratio)本身不能决定哪个方案最优,它只是表明促进健康的价格为多少。ICER是个实证(positive)事实,它衡量的是两个方案之间成本与收益的比较;ICER不是规范(normative)判断,也就是说它本身不能说明哪个方案更好。"
  • "任何特定方案是否具有成本效果性,很大程度上取决于我们站在谁的立场上,因为不同利益相关方有不同的成本和健康收益"
作者简介
Jay Bhattacharya is a professor of medicine and a CHP/PCOR core faculty member. His research focuses on the constraints that vulnerable populations face in making decisions that affect their health status, as well as the effects of government policies and programs designed to benefit vulnerable populations. He has published empirical economics and health services research on the elderly, adolescents, HIV/AIDS and managed care. Most recently, he has researched the regulation of the viatical-settlements market (a secondary life-insurance market that often targets HIV patients) and summer/winter differences in nutritional outcomes for low-income American families. He is also working on a project examining the labor-market conditions that help determine why some U.S. employers do not provide health insurance. He worked for three years as an economist at the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, Calif., where he also taught health economics as a visiting assistant professor at the University of California-Los Angeles. He received a BA in economics, an MD and a PhD from Stanford University.
目录
1. Why Health Economics?.
PART I: DEMAND FOR HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE.
2. Demand for Health Care.
3. Demand for Health: The Grossman Model.
4. Socioeconomic Disparities in Health

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用户评论
Clear logic. Easy read.
面面俱到的一本书。没什么一以贯之、醍醐灌顶的中心思想。不过对于不是经济学科班出身的读者来说,推荐这本。案例多,理论简单,好上手。
Health is the true human welfare
教科書怎麼可以這麼好看
经典!又拿出来看了一遍
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