From Eternity to Here - Sean Carroll

From Eternity to Here

Sean Carroll

出版时间

2010-01-07

ISBN

9780525951339

评分

★★★★★
书籍介绍
A rising star in theoretical physics offers his awesome vision of our universe and beyond, all beginning with a simple question: Why does time move forward? Time moves forward, not backward梕veryone knows you can't unscramble an egg. In the hands of one of today's hottest young physicists, that simple fact of breakfast becomes a doorway to understanding the Big Bang, the universe, and other universes, too. In From Eternity to Here, Sean Carroll argues that the arrow of time, pointing resolutely from the past to the future, owes its existence to conditions before the Big Bang itself梐 period modern cosmology of which Einstein never dreamed. Increasingly, though, physicists are going out into realms that make the theory of relativity seem like child's play. Carroll's scenario is not only elegant, it's laid out in the same easy-to- understand language that has made his group blog, Cosmic Variance, the most popular physics blog on the Net. From Eternity to Here uses ideas at the cutting edge of theoretical physics to explore how properties of spacetime before the Big Bang can explain the flow of time we experience in our everyday lives. Carroll suggests that we live in a baby universe, part of a large family of universes in which many of our siblings experience an arrow of time running in the opposite direction. It's an ambitious, fascinating picture of the universe on an ultra-large scale, one that will captivate fans of popular physics blockbusters like Elegant Universe and A Brief History of Time.
精彩摘录
  • ""A good many times I have been present at gatherings of people who, by the standards of the traditional culture, are thought highly educated and who have with considerable gusto been expressing their incredulity at the illiteracy of scientists. Once or twice I have been provoked and have asked the c"
  • "这些简单的结论反映了现实如何起作用的深层特征。无论何时,我们对这套设备的所作所为都不会改变实验结果——改变其地点、旋转,使之以恒定速度运动——这种现象反映了自然规律中的对称性。对称性原理在物理学中十分强大,因为这个原理对自然规律能采用什么样的形式做出了严格限定,也決定了能获得什么样的实验结果。 我们发现的这些对称性自然是有名字的。在空间中改变位置叫作“平移”,在空间中改变朝向叫作“旋转”,在空间中改变速度则叫作“推进”。在狭义相对论中,旋转和推进的集合叫作“洛伦兹变换”,而加上平移的一整套操作就叫作“庞加莱变换”。"
  • "你的另一半以及回到你儿时故乡的旅程,都得等一等了——科学在召唤!李政道和杨振宁获得了1957年的诺贝尔物理学奖;吴健雄本该也在获奖者之列,却未能与有荣焉。"
  • "对暗能量我们所知甚少,但我们确实知道两件很重要的事情:暗能量在空间上几乎是常数(不同地方的能量值都一样),在时间上能量密度也几乎是常数(不同时间在每立方厘米空间中的能量值都一样)。因此,暗能量最简单的可能模型会有如下特征:能量密度为绝对常量,不随时间和空间而变化。实际上这个想法一点儿也不新鲜,可以一直追溯到爱因斯坦:他称其为“宇宙学常数”,不过今天我们经常称之为“真空能量”。(有些人可能会想让你相信,真空能量和宇宙学常数之间还是有区别的——别让他们给骗了。唯一的区别就是你把它放在等式的哪一边,而无论放在哪边都完全没有区别。) 真空能量的实际值比理论值小得多,这是个很严肃的问题:“宇宙学常数问题"
  • "身为人类,我们能感觉到时间流逝。这是因为在我们自身的新陈代谢中,就有周期性进程在发生一呼吸、心跳、电脉冲、消化、中枢神经系统的节律,等等。"
  • "这里我们的兴趣所在不是制造时钟有多复杂精妙,而是时间的意义。我们生活的世界包含了所有类别的周期性进程,这些进程与别的某些特定周期性进程相比较,会以可预知的次数重复。这也是我们测量间隔的方法:利用这样一种进程的重复次数。"
作者简介
Sean Carroll, Ph.D., is a theoretical physicist at the California Institute of Technology. After receiving his doctorate from Harvard University, he pursued his research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Institute for Theoretical Physics in Santa Barbara, and the University of Chicago. He has published papers on dark matter and dark energy, the physics of extra dimensions, and alternative theories of gravity as well as the graduate-level textbook Spacetime and Geometry. Sean Carroll is one of the founders of the group blog cosmicvariance.com, named one of the five top science blogs by Nature.
用户评论
:无
一本挺不错的以熵和时间箭头为主题的宇宙学科普书。。。。。
特别喜欢书名——“From Eternity to Here”
将前沿物理引下神坛到人群中去……几乎是对所有关于时间的现有理论体系、探索时间的历程和未来展望的集大成之综述,诙谐干练,举重若轻,卡罗尔真是很了不起的科普家
Penguin Group (USA)的其他书籍查看全部

收藏