Poverty, by America - Matthew Desmond

Poverty, by America

Matthew Desmond

出版社

Allen Lane

出版时间

2023-03-31

ISBN

9780241543221

评分

★★★★★
书籍介绍
The United States is the richest country on earth, yet has more poverty than any other advanced democracy. One in seven Americans live below the poverty line, a line which hasn't shifted over the last fifty years, despite the efforts of successive governments and extensive relief programs. Why is there so much scarcity in this land of dollars? In Poverty, by America, acclaimed sociologist Matthew Desmond examines the nature of American poverty today and the stories we tell ourselves about it. Spanning racism, social isolation, mass incarceration, the housing crisis, domestic violence, crack and opioid epidemics, welfare cuts and more, Desmond argues that poverty does not result from a lack of resources or good policy ideas. We already know how to eliminate it. The hard part is getting more of us to care. To do so, we need a new story. As things stand, liberals explain poverty through insurmountable structural issues, whereas conservatives highlight personal failings and poor life choices. Both analyses abdicate responsibility, and ignore the reality that the advantages of the rich only come at the expense of the poor. It is time better-paid citizens put themselves back in the narrative, recognizing that the depth and expanse of poverty in any nation reflects our failure to look out for one another. Poverty must ultimately be met by community: all this suffering and want is our doing, and we can undo it.
用户评论
大一在学校活动里去参观美国最贫穷的地区之一密西西比三角洲,感慨美国的贫穷哪有中国的看起来触目惊心。现在仍然这样认为,但也对贫穷本身有了不一样的认知。这本书是很好的开拓视野的读物
内容尚有益处但是篇幅过长了
在读这本书之前,我的脑子就是那个被资本主义洗的干干净净的脑子:觉得路边乞讨的穷人是好吃懒做或者沉迷于毒品,不理解为什么会有人一直稳定的做出坏的选择,把一切的不幸归咎于个人的“不努力”。我为那样的自己感到羞耻。这本书写的非常非常非常好。
前七章写得非常好。做了详尽的调查,引用大量文献,从衣食住行各方面讲述美国作为全球最富有的国家之一为什么贫穷问题如此严重。 里面有些观点之前已经知道,有些信息的确是第一次看到,或者,以前从没想过。比如一半美国人都爱说「穷人拿救济就是好吃懒做」「我们交税都去养这些穷人了」。但书中给出的大量数据显示,美国的社会福利大部分流向了中产甚至根本不需要福利的1%. 大部分人没意识到,房贷利息抵税、学生贷款抵税,连买太阳能板、电动车、智能室温调节器都能拿到返现或抵税金,各种抵税额,就是福利。穷人根本拿不到这些,因为他们买不起房,上不了学,更不用说买什么电动车。 书的后两章着重讲可能的解决方案,看上去更像是喊口号画大饼。所以显得有些空泛,什么都想讲,却每个方面都在隔靴搔痒。这也是我为什么没有给5星的原因。
This book could have been so close to perfection… I admire the anger and the call for collective action but why would you go that far about greed etc and then declare you are not calling for redistribution… I don’t say this often but he could really benefit from a course about the meaning of basic economic concepts…
恐怖之处在于,我们每一个人最终都变成了贫困的帮凶。制度层面,限制了穷人的发展,缺乏保障的住房条件、混乱的生活区、难以借到的有保障的贷款、申请很繁琐的政府救助、过低的最低工资标准。而社会中的个人,为了自身的利益也在不断的“剥削”穷人,美国和中国情况虽不同,但这一点上却也相通,平台资本主义下,我们欣喜于打过折后的外卖、低价的平台蔬菜水果。当中产不想让农民工的孩子和自己的孩子出现在同一个教室,当大城市驱逐“低端人口”,就没办法说贫穷都是个人不努力造成的。
课前教授留的必读书,这本书比起以前读过的贫困研究的书感觉讨论的层面更深一些,但是论证的强度不太够,有点像写了个引子希望能起到advocate的作用。每一个研究经济学和社会学的都值得一读。
The writing is admirable while the topics explored are predictable.
确实了解了许多过去完全不掌握的信息。致贫的原因更加多元,如何制定更加精准的对策并且保证贯彻执行十分重要。还有那些嘴上show solidarity with the poor可谈到实际行动便做缩头乌龟拒做表率的人,并不比贪掉拨款的人善良多少。
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