书籍介绍
"One of the great political works of our time, . . . the twentieth-century successor to John Stuart Mill's essay, 'On Liberty.'"?Henry Hazlitt, Newsweek
"A reflective, often biting, commentary on the nature of our society and its dominant thought by one who is passionately opposed to the coercion of human beings by the arbitrary will of others, who puts liberty above welfare and is sanguine that greater welfare will thereby ensue."?Sidney Hook, New York Times Book Review
In this classic work Hayek restates the ideals of freedom that he believes have guided, and must continue to guide, the growth of Western civilization. Hayek's book, first published in 1960, urges us to clarify our beliefs in today's struggle of political ideologies.
精彩摘录
- "Many people who agree that the family is desirable as an instrument for the transmission of morals, tastes, and knowledge still question the desirability of the transmission of material property. Yet there can be little doubt that, in order that the former may be possible, some continuity of standar"
- "We are not concerned here with the chief argument for private inheritance, namely, that it seems essential as a means to preserve the dispersal in the control of capital and as an inducement for its accumulation. Rather, our concern here is whether the fact that it confers unmerited benefits on some"
- "Once we agree that it is desirable to harness the natural instincts of parents to equip the new generation as well as they can, there seems no sensible ground for limiting this to non-material benefits. The family's function of passing on standards and traditions is closely tied up with the possibil"
- "There is also another consideration which, though it may appear somewhat cynical, strongly suggests that if we wish to make the best use of the natural partiality of parents for their children, we ought not to preclude the transmission of property. It seems certain that among the many ways in which "
- "在一切国家和一切时代都会有一些群体或多或少处于静止状态，他们的生活习俗和方式已经沿袭了好几代。这种生活方式可能会忽然受到他们从未经历过的外部发展的威胁。而该群体内的人都希望保留该群体的生活方式，这就像欧洲的许多农民，尤其是边远山区的农民，尽管其生活方式已经走向穷途末路，尽管其生活方式已经依附于为自身生存也在不断变化的都市文明，但他们仍然十分珍惜自己的生活方式。然而，保守的农民与其他人一样，也将其生活方式的形成归功于与己不同的人，归功于他们那个时代的革新者——正是他们通过改革，将一种新的生活方式强加给那些处于较早文明状态的人。其实，游牧部落的人抱怨封闭的庄园侵害了他的牧场，也就和农民抱怨工业的侵"
- "邓正来：哈耶克的社会理论 邓正来在论述哈耶克的社会理论之前，特地指出中国学界的论辩问题，即“印象式”的论辩方式。“其特征为根据一己的‘印象’而把有关问题的结论从其立基于理论脉络中剥离出来，根据自己的论述脉络对其做背离原本理论的解释，进而误导读者。”（p.3 注解6）邓正来认为众人忽视了哈耶克思想的内在理路，仅仅做“印象式”的捍卫或否定，陷入极端的“非此即彼”的逻辑中。 一、进化论理性主义与建构论唯理主义 在分析其社会理论前，首先需要对其理论的知识论基础进行审视。大致来说，西方思想有两种传统——进化论的理性主义和建构论的唯理主义。“建构论的唯理主义立基于每个个人都倾向于理性行动和个人生而具有智识"
- "任何一个人，如果希望出卖自己的劳动而得到固定的收入，他就必须把自己的工作时间用来去完成别人为他规定的具体任务。遵照别人的吩咐办事，对于受雇者来说，是他达到自己目的的一个条件。尽管有时候他会觉得这样做十分令人厌烦，但是，在正常条件下，他并不是不自由的，也就是说，他并没有受到强制。的确，如果放弃了他这个工作，就会有风险或牺牲，这风险或牺牲往往大到使他即使对这个工作极为讨厌也宁可继续受雇干下去。但是，一个人从事任何别的职业，情况都有可能是如此一而且许多独立经营的人也都如此。 基本的事实是：在一个竞争性的社会中，受雇者并不是任某一个特殊的雇主所任意摆布的，除非在大规模失业的时期。对于某人永久出卖其劳动"
- "當人們對個人自由的信念堅定時，他們對個人責任的信念也总是很坚定的，对责任信念明显减弱的同時，伴隨着对自由的尊重的衰退。责任已經成了一个不受欢迎的概念，由于不喜欢所有道德說教的一代人，在談起责任一詞時帶有明显的厌惡或敌意，所以有經驗的演說家尽量不用這個詞。有些人被教導說：不是別的，正是他們無法控制的情況決定了他們在生活中的地位、甚至行動。對於這些人，責任一詞常常會引起他們極端的敌意。這种對責任的否認一般都是由于對責任的恐惧，而這种對責任的恐惧又必定成爲對自由的惧怕。因爲有建立自己的生活的機會，意味着一項永無休止的任務，意味着若想逹到他的目標就必須强迫自己遵守紀律，所以許多人害怕自由。"
用户评论
the argument for liberty is not an argument against organization, which is one of the most powerful tools human reason can employ, but an argument against all exclusive, privileged, monopolistic organization, against the use of coercion to prevent others from doing better.
为自由主义找到基石
只读了第九章，感觉问题多多啊...
好肯定都是好的 清楚简单俺能看懂才是关键👍
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